AEC-iii

 

Note Writing 

Note making is a process of summarising condensing and organising information from various sources such as lectures, books or meetings into concise and coherent notes. These notes serve as a valuable tool for retaining key points, aiding comprehension and facilitate ing effective study and reference.

Importance of Note making 

It is one of the best method to keep in mind informations. 

It keeps a lot of information at our disposal for ready reference.

It helps us reconstruct what was said or written. And thus accelerates the process of remembering or recalling.

It comes in handy in delivering a speech, participation in a debate or discussion, writing an essay, and revising lessons before an examination.

It helps students who involved in note making by active and engaged during lectures, reading and revision.

Otherwise there is a chance that might doze off 📴 while studying or attending lectures. 

By this we can select or identify the key ideas, organize ideas and make connections and review and before exams.

Effective Note making has certain features 

They should be short and compact,

Try not to use full sentences, because it is again not possible to keep in mind.

The sentences should have to be short and compact, which are easy to remember.

They must contain all important information.

The points must be presented in a logical manner.

And they should be understandable when consulted at a later stage.

Three stages of Note Making 

Before : when we want to make notes on a certain lectures or a certain topics than obviously it is important to keep in mind that what is the main theme of the subject. We need to know the purpose of the reading or the lecture.p

During: In this time we need to note down the main ideas and keywords using techniques.

After: In this stage we have to review and organize notes. 

There are four stages of Note Making. 

Read the passage carefully and try to grasp the theme and subject of the passage. 

Identify the main ideas and make notes of them under the heading, subheadings and sub points.

Use of proper methods and also use of abbreviations and symbols wherever possible.

To make effective Note Making it's not necessary to use words, can also use symbols/universal symbols like for person i.e. and e.g. and mathematical symbols like greater than, less than, equal to. And also can use abbreviations to make shorter and compact.

These abbreviations can be used through three ways - 1. Using acronyms, which is capital initial letters . For example: PM- Prime minister, UN- United Nations, WHO- World Health Organisation. 2. Using contractions , it's taking first few letters of the word. For example: Capital - Capap. , Library - Lib., September - Sept. 3. Using short forms, where need to take first few and last few letters. For example: Department - Dept. , Standard - std. , Secretary - Secy.

One thing keep in mind here that to avoid using unnecessary or confusing abbreviations, which could also mean another word.

One example of standard notes is given below 

Heading 

Subheading

Point

Point 

Sub-point

Sub-point 

Subheading 

Point 

Point

Subheading 

Points 

Points 

Some steps to keep in mind, or avoid while note making 

Don't overload note making with informations. Only use key ideas and the key points.

Don't take very button notes that means don't write the exact sentences that we are hearing or reading.

Review notes after made the notes. A situation should not arise where revisit those notes and don't understand the contexts in which write down those notes.

There should not be lack of clarity whatever notes made by anyone. It should be very clear for a later stage.

This video explains note-making, its importance, and effective strategies. Here's a summary:

What is note-making?

Summarizing, condensing, and organizing information from various sources (lectures, books, meetings) into concise notes.

A valuable tool for retaining key points, improving comprehension, and facilitating study and reference.

Importance of note-making for students:

Helps process and store large amounts of information.

Provides readily available information for reference.

Aids in reconstructing spoken or written content.

Supports speech delivery, debate participation, essay writing, and exam preparation.

Benefits of note-making:

Keeps students active and engaged during lectures and study.

Enables selective identification of key ideas.

Facilitates organization of ideas and connection-making.

Supports review and revision before exams.

Features of effective notes:

Short and compact.

Contain all important information.

Logically presented points.

Understandable when reviewed later.

Stages of note-making:

Before: Understand the purpose of the reading or lecture.

During: Note main ideas and keywords using effective techniques.

After: Reflect, review, and organize notes.

Steps in note-making:

Read the passage carefully and grasp the theme.

Identify main ideas and make notes under headings, subheadings, and sub-points.

Use proper format, abbreviations, and symbols.

Standard note format:

Heading

Subheading 1

Point 1

Point 2

1.2.1

1.2.2

Subheading 2

Subheading 3

Using symbols:

Universal symbols (e.g., &, @, %, $).

Mathematical symbols (e.g., >, <, =).

Using abbreviations:

Acronyms: Capital initial letters (e.g., PM for Prime Minister).

Contractions: First few letters (e.g., cap. for capital).

Short forms: First and last few letters (e.g., dept. for department).

Important considerations for abbreviations:

Avoid confusing abbreviations.

Be clear and consistent in their use.

Mistakes to avoid in note-making:

Overloading with information.

Taking verbatim notes.

Not reviewing notes after making them.

Lack of clarity.

The video emphasizes the importance of concise, clear, and organized notes that capture the essence of the information while being easy to understand and review later. It encourages the use of abbreviations and symbols to make notes more compact and efficient.

Graph📊 

This video explains how to interpret graphs.  Here's a summary of the key points:

 * What is a graph? A diagram showing the relationship between variables, typically two, measured along axes.  Different types exist (line, bar, pie, etc.).

 * Why interpret graphs?  Essential for understanding algebra and other math.  Involves understanding the shape, slope, and plotted points.

 * Steps to read a graph:

   * Determine the graph type.

   * Read the title/legend.

   * Examine any text.

   * Identify variables and what they represent.

   * Observe the axes and their values.

   * Identify data patterns.

 * Key considerations for interpretation: Title, key/legend, levels, and understanding what the graph shows.

 * Three recommended stages for reading a graph: Read, analyze, and conclude.

 * Five essential elements of a good graph: Title, appropriate size, labeled axes with units, correctly plotted data points, and a line of best fit (if applicable).

 * Describing changes in a graph:

   * Upward trend: Increase, rise, rocket, climb, lift, grow, jump, surge, shoot up, soar, arise.

   * Downward trend: Decrease, drop, decline, fall, slump.

   * No change: Remain stable, constant, steady, stay at the same level, stabilize.

   * Change of direction: Level out, level off, stop falling/rising.

   * Frequent change: Fluctuate.

   * Top point: Reach a peak/highest point.

   * Bottom point: Reach a low/lowest point.

 * Describing the degree of change: Dramatically, vastly, hugely, significantly, considerably, moderately, slightly, substantially, a little.

 * Describing the speed of change: Rapidly, quickly, swiftly, gradually, gently, little by little, slowly, quietly.

 * Prepositions used: Arise from X to Y, increase in by X%, increase of X% in (something).

 * Introducing a graph: "I would like you to look at...", "The graph shows...", "Let me show you...", "The diagram outlines...", "Let's have a look at...", "This table lists...", "Let's turn to...", "This chart represents...", "To illustrate my point, let's look at...", "This chart depicts...", "As you can see from this data...", "This chart breaks down into...", "If you look at this chart, you will see/notice/understand..."

 * Interpreting a sample graph: The video uses an example of a line graph with a rise, peak, fall, and then a stable period.  It demonstrates how to describe this movement using the vocabulary provided.  For example, "The price reached a peak before falling a little and then maintaining the same level."

The video emphasizes the importance of both technical understanding and appropriate language when interpreting and presenting data from graphs.

1. Definition of a Graph

A diagram showing relationships between variables, typically on a Cartesian plane.

Examples: Line graphs, bar graphs, histograms, pie charts, Cartesian graphs.

2. Importance of Interpreting Graphs

Helps in understanding mathematical relationships.

Essential for algebra and higher-level math courses.

Real-life application: Understanding slopes, patterns, and data trends.

Steps to Read a Graph

1. Determine the type of graph.

2. Read the title or legend.

3. Examine additional text or labels.

4. Identify the variables on the axes.

5. Observe the X-axis and Y-axis values.

6. Identify patterns and trends in the data.

Rules for Interpreting a Graph

1. Read the title.

2. Check the key or legend.

3. Read the labels.

4. Analyze what the graph shows.

5. Understand the information displayed.

Factors Affecting Graph Comprehension

1. Purpose of using the graph.

2. Characteristics of the task.

3. Discipline-specific elements.

4. Reader's background knowledge.

Summary of Graph Interpretation Involves identifying key data points.

Requires calculations like averages or differences.

A three-step approach: Read, Analyze, Conclude.

Essential Elements of a Good Graph

1. Clear title.

2. Properly utilized space.

3. Well-labeled axes with units.

4. Accurately plotted data points.

5. Line of best fit if necessary.

Understanding Line Graphs

1. Title - Provides a short explanation.

2. Legend - Explains what each line represents.

3. Source Indicates where the data comes from.

4. X-axis & Y-axis - Define the variables and data points.

Key Verbs for Graph Interpretation

Increase: Rise, grow, climb, surge, shoot up, soar.

Decrease: Drop, fall, decline, slump, go down.

No Change: Remain stable, stay constant, hold steady.

Change in Direction: Level out, stop rising, reverse trend.

Fluctuation: Vary, oscillate, fluctuate.

Peaks and Lows: Reach a peak, hit a low point.

Describing Changes in a Graph

1. By Degree: Dramatically, significantly, moderately, slightly.

2. By Speed: Rapidly, swiftly, gradually, slowly.

The video is about report writing. Here's a summary of the key points:

What is a report? A formal document focused on a specific topic, presenting information, discoveries, or outcomes from research or investigation. More structured than an essay, designed for quick and accurate reading.

Types of reports:

Narrative report: Provides descriptive information on a past incident or event.

Tabular report: Provides statistical information on a specific analysis (e.g., economic survey).

Key characteristics of reports:

Highly structured: With precise organization and subheadings.

Sequential presentation: Crucial for capturing reader interest.

Impersonal and objective: Written in a formal and unbiased tone.

Past tense: Primarily uses past tense (simple past or present perfect).

Structure of a report:

Title: Concise and expressive, summarizing the report's main topic.

Byline: Includes the name of the person writing the report (e.g., journalist, special correspondent).

Introduction: Provides a brief overview of the entire report.

Detailed description: Presents detailed information on the event, divided into shorter paragraphs.

Conclusion: Summarizes the key findings or outcomes of the report.

Example of a report: The video provides an example of a report on World Environment Day celebrated on campus. It outlines the structure:

Introduction: States the date and time of the event.

Detailed description: Describes the activities, such as speeches, student performances, and tree plantation.

Conclusion: Summarizes the event with a vote of thanks and the national anthem.

What is a report?

A major form of technical, business, and professional communication.

Used by various professionals (administrators, scientists, managers, engineers) for different purposes.

Written for a specific purpose and audience.

Involves gathering and conveying information.

Types of reports:

Oral report: Presented face-to-face.

Written/Formal report: Addressed formally to an organization or official.

Characteristics of a formal report:

Official purpose.

Factual and evidence-based.

Organized information.

Uniform structure and presentation.

Prescribed format.

Objectives of a formal report:

Provide information about activities, progress, plans, and problems.

Record research findings and technical specifications.

Document accomplished work.

Record event facts for future reference.

Inform a large audience.

Present organized information.

Recommend actions to resolve problems.

Monitor business operations.

Influence new policies and procedures.

Facilitate decision-making.

Justify controversial decisions.

Components of a formal report:

Report writer's organization and address.

Reference number.

Date.

Recipient's name, job title, and organization with address.

Subject line.

Salutation (e.g., Dear Sir/Madam).

Body (main text).

Complimentary close (e.g., Yours Faithfully).

Signature, name, and job title of the report writer.

Enclosures (if any).

Copy notation (if any).

Example report:

The video provides an example of a report on NSS committee activities, demonstrating the structure and content. It includes details of free health checkups, blood donation camps, cleanliness drives, and adoption of thalassemic patients. The report is formal, precise, and brief, focusing on facts and evidence.

Types of reports (detailed):

Memo report: Short for memorandum, used for internal communication. Salutation is usually omitted. Format is often pre-printed.

Informational report: Presents data, facts, problems, or situations without analysis or interpretation. No conclusions or recommendations. Reports of meetings or events are often informational.

Analytical report: Presents data with analysis and interpretation. The writer investigates, analyzes, and draws conclusions with recommendations. Project and research reports are examples.

Feasibility report: Examines a proposed project to determine if it should be undertaken. Includes potential risks, constraints (social, environmental, financial, technical, legal), market analysis, investment requirements, competition, and profitability.

Key points to remember when writing a report:

Logical presentation of subject matter.

Complete, reliable, and properly arranged facts.

Avoid biased opinions.

Conclusions based on facts.

Impartial suggestions.

Brevity without compromising completeness.

Direct, simple, and grammatically correct language. Avoid ornamental language and figures of speech.

This video explains the basics of paraphrasing. Here's a summary:

What is paraphrasing?

Putting someone else's ideas into your own words.

A crucial skill for good writing, preventing plagiarism.

A common practice in everyday conversation.

The Four Rs of Paraphrasing:

Reword: Replace words and phrases with synonyms (words with similar meanings). Use a dictionary or thesaurus. Sometimes antonyms can also help clarify meaning.

Rearrange: Change the word order within sentences and the order of ideas within a paragraph to create new sentences.

Realize: Recognize that some elements cannot be changed, such as names, dates, titles, and statistics. These should be presented accurately. Quotation marks are generally not needed for these factual elements, but they should be cited correctly.

Recheck: Ensure your paraphrase conveys the same meaning as the original text. Read it aloud or have someone else check it to ensure clarity and accuracy.

Paraphrasing Process:

Read the original text carefully.

Identify the main points and key information.

Reword and rearrange the text, using your own vocabulary and sentence structure.

Keep unchanged elements (names, dates, etc.) as they are, correctly cited.

Recheck your paraphrase for accuracy and clarity.

Examples of Paraphrasing:

The video provides several examples:

Original: Nauru, a Pacific island country, is only 8.5 square miles in area. It is one of the smallest countries on the planet, and only about 10,000 people live there. Nauru's once plentiful supply of phosphate has damaged the environment on the island.

Paraphrase: Nauru is a tiny island nation in the Pacific, covering just 8.5 square miles. It is among the world's smallest countries, with a population of approximately 10,000. Phosphate mining, once a major industry, has negatively impacted the island's environment. (Note how the information is rearranged, and synonyms are used.)

Original: When we go to the zoo, we may see penguins if the exhibit is open.

Paraphrase: If the penguin house is open, we may be able to observe the birds on our visit to the zoo.

Original: Many people reported symptoms of anxiety after the terrorist attack.

Paraphrase: The terrorist attack caused anxiety symptoms in a number of people.  

The video emphasizes that paraphrasing involves more than just swapping words; it requires understanding the meaning and expressing it in your own way while preserving the original information.

This video explains how to write summaries. Here's a breakdown of the key points:

What is a summary?

A concise representation of the main ideas and essence of a passage or poem.

Typically one to three paragraphs or 100-300 words, depending on the original text's length and complexity.

Written in your own words.

How to write a summary:

Read and understand: Read the original passage carefully and repeatedly until you fully grasp its meaning.

Identify key points: Mark or underline the main points, facts, and ideas.

Determine the sequence: Find the logical order of these points. Identify the central idea or leading point if present. If not, maintain the original sequence.

Eliminate unnecessary details: Remove unimportant details, comparisons, figurative language, and qualifying words.

Reproduce concisely: Rewrite the main points in your own words, maintaining clarity and proper sequence.

Ensure clarity and correctness: Use clear, pointed, and grammatically correct language.

Six requirements for summary writing:

Reading and understanding

Selection (of key points)

Sequence (of ideas)

Elimination (of unnecessary details)

Reproduction (in your own words)

Clarity and correctness

Basic steps for writing a summary:

Introductory sentence: State the author and text title.

Main points: Restate the author's main points.

Supporting arguments: List the arguments supporting the main idea.

Final point: Conclude with the author's final point.

Important considerations:

Length: No strict rule unless a word limit is specified. Length depends on the writing style and nature of the passage. Complex sentences can lead to shorter summaries, while simpler sentences might result in slightly longer ones. Reflective passages usually yield shorter summaries than narrative or descriptive ones.

Types of passages: Narrative, descriptive, and reflective.

Tense: Maintain the original passage's tense.

Example:

The video provides an example of a 179-word passage about the importance of variety in life, comparing it to spices in food. It then shows a 54-word summary, including the title "The Need for Change and Variety" (or "Variety: The Spice of Life"). The summary concisely captures the main points of the original passage, using the author's key ideas and maintaining the original tense.

The video emphasizes the importance of reading the passage multiple times to understand the main idea and rewriting it concisely in your own words. It concludes by stating that skillful summary writing demonstrates good command of the language.

This video from the University of North Bengal provides a comprehensive guide to writing a CV (Curriculum Vitae) or resume. Here's a breakdown of the key points:

What is a CV/Resume?

A document summarizing your background, education, qualifications, experiences, and interests.

A crucial tool for job applications, providing employers with a concise overview of your suitability for a role.

Typically 1-2 pages long for freshers.

Purpose of a CV:

To inform employers about your qualifications and experiences.

To act as a screening device for employers to select suitable candidates for interviews.

To be enclosed with a cover letter when applying for a job.

CV Writing Styles:

Traditional Style:

Structure: Personal details, education, work experience, interests, references.

Chronological order: Education and work experience listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

Modern Style:

Structure: Basic data (name, contact), career objective, education, experience, skills, personal details, references.

Career Objective: A statement outlining your career goals and how your skills align with the desired position.

Emphasis on skills: Highlights relevant skills like computer skills, language proficiency, and writing/editing abilities.

Key Considerations:

Accuracy: Ensure all information is accurate and verifiable.

Conciseness: Keep the CV brief and to the point.

Clarity: Use clear and concise language, avoiding jargon.

Professionalism: Maintain a professional tone and format.

Tailoring: Customize your CV for each job application by highlighting relevant skills and experiences.

Tips for Freshers:

Focus on education and relevant skills.

Include any internships, volunteer work, or part-time jobs.

Highlight extracurricular activities and relevant hobbies.

Use a chronological format.

The video provides a sample CV in the chronological style, demonstrating the recommended structure and content. It emphasizes the importance of tailoring your CV to specific job applications and maintaining a professional and accurate presentation.

AEC English 3rd Semester Question Paper 2023 

Answer Keys

1. Complete the sentence: An application letter is generally sent to ________.

   - (A) Seek employment and to exchange personal thoughts

   - (B) Seek job positions, permissions, and to request services

   - (C) Seek employment only

   - (D) Seek permissions and to request services only

   **Answer: (B) Seek job positions, permissions, and to request services**

2. The Header section of an application letter contains:

   - (A) Formal introduction of the applicant

   - (B) Formal addressing of the recipient

   - (C) The statement of purpose of writing the letter

   - (D) Details of the recipient including designation and address

   **Answer: (D) Details of the recipient including designation and address**

3. Which of the following salutations can be reasonably accepted in a formal letter?

   - (A) Dear John,

   - (B) John,

   - (C) Dearest John,

   - (D) Hi John!

   **Answer: (A) Dear John,**

4. Which section(s) of an application letter can be left out if its/their function is not required?

   - (A) Salutation

   - (B) Sign-off and Signature

   - (C) Attachment

   - (D) All of these

   **Answer: (C) Attachment**

5. If an interviewee changes their ideal job six or more times during an interview, then it is an example of:

   - (A) A successful interview

   - (B) A good interview

   - (C) An unsuccessful interview

   - (D) None of these

   **Answer: (C) An unsuccessful interview**

6. If an interviewee makes it clear that they had done their research about the company and the position beforehand, then it is an example of:

   - (A) A successful interview

   - (B) An unsuccessful interview

   - (C) A casual conversation

   - (D) A grievance interview

   **Answer: (A) A successful interview**

7. An exit interview is:

   - (A) Conducted before joining a company

   - (B) Conducted to address various grievances of the employees

   - (C) Conducted to gather information about the Company

   - (D) Conducted by a specialist when an employee is leaving the organisation

   **Answer: (D) Conducted by a specialist when an employee is leaving the organisation**

8. Notes should be:

   - (A) lengthy record of facts

   - (B) short written record of facts

   - (C) written in paragraphs

   - (D) a collection of long sentences

   **Answer: (B) short written record of facts**

9. Note-making is necessary to:

   - (A) fill a notebook

   - (B) write a novel

   - (C) make a film

   - (D) aid in memory

   **Answer: (D) aid in memory**

10. Note-making should contain:

   - (A) poetic lines

   - (B) long winding sentences

   - (C) short phrases

   - (D) difficult words

   **Answer: (C) short phrases**

11. A note should begin with:

   - (A) Heading

   - (B) Sub-heading

   - (C) Sentence

   - (D) Number

   **Answer: (A) Heading**

12. A graph is a diagram showing the relation between:

   - (A) fixed qualities

   - (B) variable qualities

   - (C) fixed quantities

   - (D) variable quantities

   **Answer: (D) variable quantities**

13. The 'legend' in a graph tells what:

   - (A) each value represents

   - (B) each intersecting points represent

   - (C) each line represents

   - (D) all of these

   **Answer: (D) all of these**

14. Summary gives the reader:

   - (A) an elaborate idea of the text

   - (B) a coded idea of the text

   - (C) a comparative and/or contrastive report of the text

   - (D) a condensed and objective account of the main ideas and features of the text

   **Answer: (D) a condensed and objective account of the main ideas and features of the text**

15. A report which provides descriptive information on an incident or event that has already occurred is a/an:

   - (A) Tabular Report

   - (B) Narrative Report

   - (C) Descriptive Report

   - (D) Informative Report

   **Answer: (B) Narrative Report**

16. The author or writer should have a clear understanding of the report's structure and present the details in a ______ manner:

   - (A) Sequential

   - (B) Haphazard

   - (C) Random

   - (D) Disruptive

   **Answer: (A) Sequential**

17. The whole crux of the report is covered shortly in ______:

   - (A) index

   - (B) table of content

   - (C) conclusion

   - (D) the middle

   **Answer: (C) conclusion**

18. What is the purpose of report writing?

   - (A) To procure leave for personal reasons

   - (B) To give information about the activities, progress, and plans of an organization

   - (C) To report a theft in the office

   - (D) To report an event held at your residence

   **Answer: (B) To give information about the activities, progress, and plans of an organization**

19. Which of the following is not a report?

   - (A) Reliable report

   - (B) Memo report

   - (C) Analytical report

   - (D) Feasibility report

   **Answer: (A) Reliable report**

20. Formal report is a piece of ______ writing based on ______.

   - (A) Factual, evidence

   - (B) Organised, communication

   - (C) Uniform, format

   - (D) Technical, experiment

   **Answer: (A) Factual, evidence**

21. A/An ______ report presents data, facts, problems, conditions or situations without any kind of analysis or interpretation.

   - (A) Oral report

   - (B) Analytical report

   - (C) Memo report

   - (D) Informational report

   **Answer: (D) Informational report**

With explains 

1. Complete the sentence: An application letter is generally sent to...

 * (B) Seek job positions, permissions, and to request services.

While option C ("Seek employment only") is a common reason, application letters can also be used for seeking permission (e.g., to use someone's property) or requesting services (e.g., from a professional).

2. The Header section of an application letter contains...

 * (D) Details of the recipient including designation and address.

The header typically includes the sender's contact information and the date, followed by the recipient's name, designation, and address.

3. Which of the following salutations can be reasonably accepted in a formal letter?

 * (A) Dear John,

"Dear [Name]" is a standard and appropriate salutation for formal letters.

4. Which section(s) of an application letter can be left out if its/their function is not required?

 * (C) Attachment

The attachment section is only necessary if you are including additional documents with your application. The other sections (salutation, sign-off, signature) are essential parts of a formal letter.

5. If an interviewee changes their ideal job six or more times during an interview, then it is an example of:

 * (C) An unsuccessful interview

Changing ideal jobs frequently during an interview suggests a lack of focus, clarity, or sincerity, which are not positive traits for a candidate.

6. If an interviewee makes it clear that they had done their research about the company and the position beforehand, then it is an example of:

 * (A) A successful interview

Showing initiative and preparation is a strong positive in an interview.

7. An exit interview is:

 * (D) Conducted by a specialist when an employee is leaving the organization

Exit interviews are specifically for departing employees.

8. Notes should be:

 * (B) short written record of facts

Notes are meant to be concise summaries, not lengthy documents.

9. Note-making is necessary to:

 * (D) aid in memory

Notes serve as memory triggers and help recall information later.

10. Note-making should contain:

 * (C) short phrases

Short phrases are easier to jot down and review quickly.

11. A note should begin with:

 * (A) Heading

A heading provides context and organization to your notes.

12. A graph is a diagram showing the relation between:

 * (D) variable quantities

Graphs illustrate how variables change in relation to each other.

13. The 'legend' in a graph tells what:

 * (D) all of these

A legend can explain the values, points, and lines represented on the graph.

14. A summary gives the reader:

 * (D) a condensed and objective account of the main ideas and features of the text

Summaries are brief and focus on the core elements of the original text.

15. A report which provides descriptive information on an incident or event that has already occurred is a/an:

 * (B) Narrative Report

Narrative reports focus on describing events that have already happened.

16. The author or writer should have a clear understanding of the report's structure and present the details in a  manner.

 * (A) Sequential

A sequential order makes the report logical and easy to follow.

17. The whole crux of the report is covered shortly in:

 * (C) conclusion

The conclusion summarizes the key findings and takeaways of the report.

18. What is the purpose of report writing?

 * (B) To give information about the activities, progress, and plans of an organization.

While reports can be used to report incidents (like theft) or events, the primary purpose is to provide organized information about an organization's operations and progress.

19. Which of the following is not a report?

 * (A) Reliable report

"Reliable" is a quality that a report should have, but it's not a type of report itself. The other options are actual report types.

20. A formal report is a piece of writing based on:

 * (A) Factual, evidence and (C) Uniform, format

Formal reports rely on verifiable information and follow a specific, structured format. So the answer is a combination of (A) and (C). However, since you can only pick one, and (A) is the most important aspect of a formal report, I would prioritize (A) Factual, evidence.

21. A/An _______ report presents data, facts, problems, conditions, or situations without any kind of analysis or interpretation.

 * (D) Informational report

Informational reports focus on presenting facts without adding the writer's opinions or analysis.

AEC English 3rd Semester Question Paper 2024

Answer Keys 

**1. What is the primary purpose of a summary?**

- (A) To provide a detailed account of the original text

- (B) To offer a personal opinion on the topic

- (C) To condense the main points of a text into a shorter version

- (D) To analyze the author's writing style

The correct answer is (C) To condense the main points of a text into a shorter version.

**2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good summary?**

- (A) Accuracy

- (B) Conciseness

- (C) Inclusion of minor details

- (D) Objectivity

The correct answer is (C) Inclusion of minor details.

**3. What does it mean to paraphrase a text?**

- (A) To summarize it

- (B) To express the same ideas in different words

- (C) To analyze it

- (D) To critique it

The correct answer is (B) To express the same ideas in different words.

**4. In order to make a summary concise:**

- (A) short and simple sentences are used

- (B) complex sentences are used

- (C) sentences are written in active voice

- (D) conjunctions are used

The correct answer is (A) short and simple sentences are used.

**5. What is the purpose of a graph?**

- (A) To confuse the reader with complex data

- (B) To visually represent data and make it easier to understand

- (C) To replace written text entirely

- (D) To test the reader’s mathematical skills

The correct answer is (B) To visually represent data and make it easier to understand.

**6. If a line on a graph is sloping upwards, what does it indicate?**

- (A) A decrease

- (B) An increase

- (C) No change

- (D) A fluctuation

The correct answer is (B) An increase.

**7. What is the primary purpose of note-making?**

- (A) To copy the original text verbatim

- (B) To summarize and condense information for better understanding and recall

- (C) To create a visually appealing presentation

- (D) To impress teachers with detailed information

The correct answer is (B) To summarize and condense information for better understanding and recall.

**8. When making notes, why is it crucial to use your own words as much as possible?**

- (A) To ensure better understanding and retention

- (B) To avoid plagiarism

- (C) To save time and effort

- (D) To impress the reader with your vocabulary

The correct answer is (A) To ensure better understanding and retention.

**9. What is the appropriate tone for an application letter?**

- (A) Informal and casual

- (B) Formal and professional

- (C) Aggressive and demanding

- (D) Humorous and light-hearted

The correct answer is (B) Formal and professional.

**10. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective notes?**

- (A) They are brief and to the point

- (B) They are lengthy and detailed

- (C) They are written in complete sentences

- (D) They are never reviewed or revised

The correct answer is (A) They are brief and to the point.

**11. What is the primary purpose of a resume?**

- (A) To get a job offer

- (B) To provide personal information

- (C) To write about your hobbies

- (D) To showcase your skills and experience

The correct answer is (D) To showcase your skills and experience.

**12. What is a “skills section” on a resume?**

- (A) A list of your hobbies

- (B) A list of your professional abilities

- (C) A list of your references

- (D) A list of your educational qualifications

The correct answer is (B) A list of your professional abilities.

**13. What is the primary purpose of a report?**

- (A) To entertain the reader

- (B) To provide information and analysis

- (C) To express personal opinions

- (D) To persuade the reader to agree with you

The correct answer is (B) To provide information and analysis.

**14. What should the language in a report be?**

- (A) Informal and casual

- (B) Emotional and persuasive

- (C) Formal and objective

- (D) Subjective and opinionated

The correct answer is (C) Formal and objective.

**15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-written report?**

- (A) Clear and concise language

- (B) Logical organization

- (C) Accurate and reliable information

- (D) Personal biases and opinions

The correct answer is (D) Personal biases and opinions.

**16. A benefit of using headings and subheadings in note-making is**

- (A) It makes notes more lengthy

- (B) It makes notes more difficult to review

- (C) It helps to organize and structure notes

- (D) It makes notes less readable

The correct answer is (C) It helps to organize and structure notes.

**17. Which type of graph is best for showing changes over time?**

- (A) Bar graph

- (B) Line graph

- (C) Pie chart

- (D) Histogram

The correct answer is (B) Line graph.

**18. What is a trend in a graph?**

- (A) The overall pattern of the data

- (B) The individual data points

- (C) The highest and lowest values

- (D) The average of the data

The correct answer is (A) The overall pattern of the data.

**19. What is a histogram used for?**

- (A) To show the distribution of numerical data

- (B) To compare different categories

- (C) To show changes over time

- (D) To represent parts of a whole

The correct answer is (A) To show the distribution of numerical data.

**20. What is the difference between paraphrasing and summarizing?**

- (A) Paraphrasing is shorter than summarizing

- (B) Paraphrasing is longer than summarizing

- (C) Paraphrasing focuses on the main points, while summarizing includes all details

- (D) Paraphrasing includes all details, while summarizing focuses on the main points

The correct answer is (D) Paraphrasing includes all details, while summarizing focuses on the main points.

**21. What is the section of an application letter that contains the details of the recipient including designation and address called?**

- (A) Header

- (B) Footer

- (C) Body

- (D) Greetings

The correct answer is (A) Header.

**GROUP-B (Internal)**

**22. I’m interested ______ learning Spanish.**

- (A) in

- (B) at

- (C) on

- (D) with

The correct answer is (A) in.

**23. He’s afraid ______ spiders.**

- (A) of

- (B) from

- (C) with

- (D) at

The correct answer is (A) of.

**24. I’m looking forward ______ seeing you.**

- (A) at

- (B) to

- (C) for

- (D) with

The correct answer is (B) to.

**25. She apologized ______ being late.**

- (A) on

- (B) to

- (C) with

- (D) for

The correct answer is (D) for.

**26. His Birthday is ______ November.**

- (A) on

- (B) from

- (C) in

- (D) at

The correct answer is (C) in.

**27. I am working ______ a project.**

- (A) on

- (B) in

- (C) with

- (D) about

The correct answer is (A) on.

**28. I’m thinking ______ going on vacation.**

- (A) about

- (B) of

- (C) for

- (D) with

The correct answer is (A) about.

**29. They had a fight ______ money.**

- (A) in

- (B) around

- (C) over

- (D) at

The correct answer is (C) over.

With explains 

1. What is the primary purpose of a summary?

 * (C) To condense the main points of a text into a shorter version.

   * Explanation: The core idea of a summary is to take a longer piece of writing and distill it down to its most essential elements. This allows someone to quickly grasp the main ideas without having to read the entire original text.

2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good summary?

 * (C) Inclusion of minor details.

   * Explanation: A good summary is all about brevity and focus. Minor details, while they might add flavor to the original, are not crucial to understanding the main points. Including them in a summary defeats the purpose of making it concise.

3. What does it mean to paraphrase a text?

 * (B) To express the same ideas in different words.

   * Explanation: Paraphrasing is about taking someone else's ideas and putting them into your own words. The meaning stays the same, but the wording is different. This is a key skill in avoiding plagiarism and demonstrating understanding.

4. In order to make a summary concise...

 * (A) short and simple sentences are used.

   * Explanation: Concise writing is all about getting the point across efficiently. Short, simple sentences help you do this by avoiding unnecessary complexity and making your writing easier to understand quickly.

5. What is the purpose of a graph?

 * (B) To visually represent data and make it easier to understand.

   * Explanation: Graphs are powerful tools for summarizing and presenting data in a way that our brains can quickly grasp.  Instead of looking at a long list of numbers, a graph allows us to see trends, comparisons, and relationships much more easily.

6. If a line on a graph is sloping upwards, what does it indicate?

 * (B) An increase.

   * Explanation:  In most standard graphs, the vertical axis (y-axis) represents the value of something, and the horizontal axis (x-axis) represents time or another related factor.  As you move from left to right along the x-axis (e.g., as time increases), if the line is going up, it means the value on the y-axis is also increasing.

7. What is the primary purpose of note-making?

 * (B) To summarize and condense information for better understanding and recall.

   * Explanation:  Note-making is an active process. It's not just about writing down everything you hear or read.  The goal is to distill the information into its most important parts so that you can understand it better and remember it later.

8. When making notes, why is it crucial to use your own words as much as possible?

 * (A) To ensure better understanding and retention.

   * Explanation:  When you put information into your own words, you're actively processing it. You're not just passively copying; you're thinking about the meaning and how it connects to what you already know. This deeper level of processing makes it much more likely that you'll understand and remember the information.

9. What is the appropriate tone for an application letter?

 * (B) Formal and professional.

   * Explanation:  An application letter is your first impression on a potential employer or institution. It's a formal document, so it needs to be respectful, polite, and business-like.  Casual or overly familiar language is inappropriate.

10. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective notes?

 * (A) They are brief and to the point.

   * Explanation:  The goal of note-making is to capture the most important information concisely.  Long, rambling notes are difficult to review and defeat the purpose of summarizing.

11. What is the primary purpose of a resume?

 * (D) To showcase your skills and experience.

   * Explanation: A resume is a marketing document for yourself.  Its purpose is to highlight your qualifications and make a strong case for why you're a good fit for a job or other opportunity.

12. What is a "skills section" on a resume?

 * (B) A list of your professional abilities.

   * Explanation:  This section provides a quick overview of your key skills and areas of expertise.  It's a way for employers to see at a glance what you're capable of.

13. What is the primary purpose of a report?

 * (B) To provide information and analysis.

   * Explanation:  Reports are meant to be informative. They present data, facts, and insights in a structured way.  Often, they also include some analysis or interpretation of the information.

14. What should the language in a report be?

 * (C) Formal and objective.

   * Explanation:  Like application letters, reports are formal documents.  The language should be professional and avoid slang, colloquialisms, or personal opinions.  Objectivity is key; the focus should be on the facts and data.

15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-written report?

 * (D) Personal biases and opinions.

   * Explanation:  A good report strives to be objective.  Personal biases and opinions can cloud the interpretation of data and make the report less reliable.

16. A benefit of using headings and subheadings in note-making is:

 * (C) It helps to organize and structure notes.

   * Explanation: Headings and subheadings act like signposts in your notes. They break the information into smaller, more manageable chunks and make it easier to find what you're looking for later.

17. Which type of graph is best for showing changes over time?

 * (B) Line graph.

   * Explanation: Line graphs are specifically designed to show how something changes continuously over time. The line connects the data points, making it easy to visualize trends and patterns.

18. What is a trend in a graph?

 * (A) The overall pattern of the data.  A trend is the general direction the data is moving, not just individual points or extremes.

19. What is a histogram used for?

 * (A) To show the distribution of numerical data. Histograms group data into ranges (bins) and show how frequently values fall within those ranges.

20. What is the difference between paraphrasing and summarizing?

 * (D) Paraphrasing includes all details, while summarizing focuses on the main points.  Paraphrasing rewrites the entire text in your own words, while summarizing condenses the main ideas.

21. What is the section of an application letter that contains the details of the recipient including designation and address called?

 * (A) Header. The header includes the sender's and recipient's information, including name, title, and address.

22. I'm interested ______ learning Spanish.

 * (A) in.  "Interested in" is the correct prepositional phrase.

23. He's afraid ______ spiders.

 * (B) of.  "Afraid of" is the correct prepositional phrase.

24. I'm looking forward ______ seeing you.

 * (B) to.  "Looking forward to" is the correct phrase (the "to" is part of the phrasal verb, not a separate preposition related to "seeing").

25. She apologized ______ being late.

 * (D) for.  "Apologized for" is the correct prepositional phrase.

26. His Birthday is ______ November.

 * (C) in.  We use "in" with months.

27. I am working ______ a project.

 * (A) on.  "Working on" is the correct prepositional phrase.

28. I'm thinking ______ going on vacation.

 * (B) of.  "Thinking of" is the correct prepositional phrase.

29. They had a fight ______ money.

 * (C) over.  "Fight over" is the correct prepositional phrase in this context.